b'12 Partner News Spring 2021AcademicBatteryFeaturing both high energy and high-power density, lithium-ion batteries have been widely recognised as one of the most attractive energy storage devices in recent times. They are now broadly used in lots of Prognostics andscenarios, ranging from portable electronics, electric vehicles and grid storage. However, lithium-ion batteries invariably age over their operational lifetime through various complex degradation mechanisms. Diagnostics withThis degradation can lead to reduced battery storage capacity and efficiency, which means the battery eventually needs to be replaced to maintain performance. In order to provide Big Data and AI users with satisfactory performance and diagnostics information, there is a desire not only to enhance fundamental battery life but also to ensure accurate information is provided in order to manage expectations and optimise battery use. Hence, accurate diagnosis methods capable of monitoring detailed states such as state of charge By Maher Al-Greer, Michael Short, MaD (SOC), state of health (SOH) and remaining useful life (RUL) for lithium-ion batteries are El-Dalahmeh, MoAth El-Dalahmeh, School ofrequired. Current battery test techniques range from X-ray, CT, Electrochemical Computing, Engineering and Digital TechnologiesImpedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and although they are accurate, they are also prohibitively Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK. expensive for many commercial installations.'